Indonesian Biodiversity Journal

Analysis Of The Potential Of Natural Sterol Compounds From Tin (Ficus carica) Leaves as Anti-Hypercholesterolemia with In Silico Tests

2025-06-13T14:12:32-08:00

This study aims to determine the potential of natural sterol compounds from Tin (Ficus carica) leaves as anticholesterolemic using in silico test. This study employed an in silico approach using molecular docking methods to evaluate the potential of sterol compounds as anti-hypercholesterolemic agents, in comparison to other references compounds. Data processing and interpretation were conducted using molecular databases for both ligands and target proteins. The analysis utilized several computational tools, including PyRx 0.8, PyMOL, LigPlus, and Discovery Studio 2016 Client. The compounds used in this research were sterol, fluvastatin and simvastatin (as control), with HMG CoA reductase as the target protein. The results showed that the highest binding affinity value was fluvastatin which is -8.3 kcal/mol. Sterol compounds are compounds with lower binding affinity which is -7.7 kcal/mol. From the visualization results, it is known that the binding distance between sterol compounds with target proteins (HMG CoA reductase) is between 2.69 to 5.49 Å, and the binding distance between simvastatin compounds with target proteins (HMG CoA reductase) is between 2.76 to 5.36 Å, and the binding distance between fluvastatin compounds with target proteins (HMG CoA reductase) is between 1.95 to 5.26 Armstrong. While based on the comparison of the binding side of strerol, simvastatin and fluvastatin, it is known that the three compounds have the same site because they bind to the same amino acid residues, namely ARG (B: 515), TYR (A: 533), TYR (B: 533), TYR (B: 517), PRO (A: 511). The results of this research indicate that the natural sterol compounds found in Tin (Ficus carica) leaves have potential as anti-hypercholesterolemic agents, based on reverse docking analysis. These sterol compounds bind to the same active site as the control drugs, simvastatin and fluvastatin, and exhibit comparable binding affinity values

ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY TEST AND ANALYSIS OF COMPOUNDS CONTAINED IN ANGELS’S TRUMPET FLOWER EXTRACT (Brugmansia suaveolens)

2025-06-28T14:51:58-08:00

Indonesia is a highly biodiverse country, second only to Brazil. This gives Indonesia enormous potential in ethnopharmacology. Previous studies have shown that the leaves of the Brugmansia suaveolens plant, also known as Angel trumpet, have high antioxidant activity. The aim of this study is to test the antioxidant activity of B. suaveolens flowers and conduct quantitative screening to determine which compounds play the greatest role in their antioxidant activity. This research used the DPPH test and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) screening. Ascorbic acid was used as the comparator in this study. Before the DPPH and GC-MS testing, the samples were extracted using the cold maceration technique with a 95% ethanol solvent. Then, the samples were concentrated using a rotary evaporator. The IC₅₀ value of the ethanol extract of B. suaveolens flowers is 196.16 µg/mL, while the IC₅₀ value of ascorbic acid, the comparator, is 3,814 µg/mL. This result shows that the ethanol extract of B. suaveolens flowers has moderate antioxidant activity. Screening bioactive compounds with GC-MS showed that Hexadecenoic acid and Octadecanoic acid play the biggest role in antioxidant activity. However, the compound with the highest content in the ethanol extract of B. suaveolens flowers is scopolamine.

WHITE RAT HAIR GROWTH ACTIVITY TEST COMBINATION CELERY LEAVES (Apium graveolens L.) AND RAJA BANANA PEEL (Musa acuminate L.)

2025-10-21T05:37:19-08:00

Celery leaves and Raja banana peel contain flavonoids that can stimulate the hair growth process. This study aims to determine the effect of a combination of ethanol extracts of celery leaves and raja banana peel on the hair growth. This type of research is a laboratory experimental study using test animals that are randomly grouped and given combination extract topically, group I (7.5%: 6.25%), group II (7.5%: 12.5%), group III (7.5%: 25%), group IV (normal control) and group V positive control (hair tonic 2% minoxidil). The results of hair weight in this study showed that the group given a combination of extracts was able to affect the growth of rat hair. Data on the 21st day was analyzed using the one way ANOVA statistical test, obtained a value of p < 0.01 which means there is a significant difference in the average hair growth of rats treated, then continued with the LSD post hoc test showed treatment II significantly different (p < 0.001) with all treatments. It can be concluded that the treatment group given a combination of extracts can affect the hair growth of rats.

Anticancer Activity Of Apis Dorsata Binghami Nest Extract From West Uluway, Tana Toraja District

2025-11-10T06:53:42-08:00

Cancer is the leading cause of death in the world, with a high prevalence in Indonesia, especially breast cancer. Conventional therapies such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy have various limitations, including severe side effects and cancer cell resistance. This study aims to explore the anticancer potential of the ethanol extract of Apis dorsata Binghami nests originating from Uluway Barat Village, Tana Toraja Regency. Extraction was carried out using the maceration method with 96% ethanol solvent, with a yield of 51.42%, and bioactive compounds were identified through GC-MS analysis. Anticancer activity tests were carried out in vitro on MCF-7 breast cancer cells using the resazurin assay method . The results showed that the extract contained various bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, furanones, and aromatic aldehydes which are known to have antioxidant and anticancer activities. The IC50 value _obtainedwas 434.30 µg/mL, indicating weak cytotoxic activity. Nevertheless, this extract showed significant ability to kill cancer cells at certain concentrations, especially 15.63 µg/mL which reduced cell viability by 44.39%. These results indicate that A. dorsata Binghami nests contain compounds that have the potential as natural anticancer agents, but require further research for fractionation and identification of more specific active compounds and further testing in vivo