Kajian Keragaman Asam Amino berdasarkan Sekuen Parsial Gen cyt b Pada Tarsius Sulawesi Utara

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Keragaman nukleotida mitokondria pada populasi dan spesies secara luas digunakan pada kajian evolusioner dan hubungan kekerabatan. Keragaman komposisi nukleotida telah terbukti secara signifikan berhubungan erat dengan komposisi asam amino dalam protein. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji keragaman asam amino berdasarkan sekuen parsial gen cyt b pada tarsius Sulawesi Utara. Gen cyt b parsial beberapa spesies Tarsius tipe lokalitas Sulawesi Utara, diamplifikasi dan sekuensing dan selanjutnya sekuen parsial gen cyt b yang diperoleh diterjemahkan ke asam amino. Sekuen asam amino dari beberapa spesies Tarsius tipe lokalitas Sulawesi Utara kami jajarkan dengan asam amino homolog dari beberapa taksa berkerabat dari famili Tarsiidae yang diambil dari GenBank. Ekstraksi DNA total menggunakan innuPREP DNA Micro kit, dan amplifikasi gen cyt b menggunakan sepasang primer umum L 14841 dan H15149. Ukuran sekuen gen cyt b yang teramplifikasi  mempunyai  panjang 307 nt. Penerjemahan nukleotida ke asam amino mengikuti sistim vertebrate mitochondrial translation code melalui program MEGA5.2.2. Rekonstruksi pohon filogeni berdasarkan sekuen asam amino dilakukan melalui metode maximum parsimony (MP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa  terdapat 11 situs beragam yag terindentifikasi. Situs-situs tersebut adalah situs 7, 11, 13, 14, 25, 28, 46, 50, 60, 75, dan 90. Perubahan Asam amino di situs-situs tersebut dapat dipergunakan sebagai marka molekuler antar spesies Tarsius. Topologi pohon menunjukkan bahwa Tarsius tipe lokalitas Sulawesi Utara bersekutu dengan kelompok Tarsius tarsier kompleks (Tarsius Sulawesi) dan terpisah dari kelompok C. bancanus dan C. syrichta.  

ABSTRACT

Mitochondrial nucleotide diversity in populations and species is widely used in evolutionary and kinship studies. The diversity of nucleotide compositions has been shown to be significantly related to the amino acid composition of proteins. The aim of the study was to examine the diversity of amino acids based on the partial sequence of the cyt b gene in tarsiers of North Sulawesi. The partial cyt b gene of several species of Tarsier type locality North Sulawesi, was amplified and sequencing and then the partial sequence of the cyt b gene obtained was translated into amino acids. We have compared the amino acid sequences of several Tarsiers species of North Sulawesi locality to the homologous amino acids of several related taxa from the family Tarsiidae taken from GenBank. Extraction of total DNA using the innuPREP DNA Micro kit, and amplification of the cyt b gene using a pair of common primers L 14841 and H15149. The size of the amplified cyt b gene sequence was 307 nt in length. The translation of nucleotides into amino acids follows the vertebrate mitochondrial translation code system through the MEGA5.2.2 program. Reconstruction of the phylogeny tree based on amino acid sequences was carried out using the maximum parsimony (MP) method. The results showed that there were 11 different sites identified. These sites are sites 7, 11, 13, 14, 25, 28, 46, 50, 60, 75, and 90. Amino acid changes at these sites can be used as molecular markers between Tarsier species. The tree topology shows that the Tarsius of North Sulawesi locality is allied with the complex Tarsier tarsier group (Sulawesi Tarsier) and separated from the C. bancanus and C. syrichta groups.