THE RESISTANCE AGAINST ARISTOCRACY IN FRANCE REVOLUTION AS SEEN IN CHARLES DICKENS’ A TALE OF TWO CITIES

Authors

  • Kevin Dai Unima
  • Nurmin F. Samola Universitas Negeri Manado
  • Olga Rorintulus Universitas Negeri Manado

Keywords:

Resistance, Moral Value, Historical Approach, Charles Dickens, French Revolution

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to reveal the causes of resistance against Aristocracy in France Revolution as seen in Charles Dickens’ A Tale of Two Cities. This research employs a qualitative method, which is richly descriptive. In conducting this research, the data was taken from primary which is Dickens’ A Tale of Two Cities, and secondary sources. The historical approach to literature simply means that the critic--the person trying to understand any work of literature--looks beyond the literature itself to the broader historical. The findings show that the resistance against aristocracy arises as a result of conditions in poverty that still dominate most of the community, in which the community received improper treatment. The government services to the community in Charles Dickens' A Tale of Two Cities were considered a failure and were made worse by the dirty and slum environmental conditions of the community which made the people angry, and human rights violations also occurred. The author views that the study's conclusions would encourage readers to evaluate literary works and comprehend the historical events the novel portrays.

References

Abrams, M. H. (1979). The Mirror and The Lamp Romantic Theory and The Critical Tradition. Oxford University Press.

Barron, A. T. J., Huang, J., Spang, R. L., & DeDeo, S. (2018). Individuals, institutions, and innovation in the debates of the French Revolution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 115(18), 4607–4612. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1717729115

Berkowitz, E. D. (2007). Something happened: A political and cultural overview of the seventies. Columbia University Press.

Blakemore, E. (2021). Bastille Day Celebrates the Rebellion That Ignited the French Revolution. National Geographic.

Blakemore, E. (2021). Bastille Day celebrates the rebellion that ignited the French Revolution. Available at https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/bastille-day-honors-rebellion-sparked-french-revolution

Censer, J. R. (2018). Intellectual History and the Causes of the French Revolution. Journal of Social History, 52 (3), 545-554. https://doi.org/10.1093/jsh/shy082

Dickens, Charles. (1859). A Tale of Cities. London: Chapman & Hall

Dunn, J. (2018). Setting the people free: The story of democracy. Princeton University Press.

Ekelund, R. B., & Thornton, M. (2020). Rent seeking as an evolving process: the case of the Ancien Régime. Public Choice, 182, 139-155.

Gilmour, R. (2014). The Victorian period: the intellectual and cultural context of English literature, 1830-1890. Routledge.

Jauss, H. R., & Benzinger, E. (1970). Literary history as a challenge to literary theory. New literary history, 2(1), 7-37.

Knutsen, T. L. (2020). Enlightenment politics: The revolutionary rise of popular sovereignty. In A history of International Relations theory (third edition) (pp. 128-168). Manchester University Press.

Krause, S. S. (2022). Democracy and Democratic Reform Impulses Before the French Revolution. In Republicanism and Democracy: Close Friends? (pp. 165-187). Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Mark, H. W. (2022). The Three Estates of Pre-Revolutionary France. Available at https://www.worldhistory.org/article/1960/the-three-estates-of-pre-revolutionary-france/

Maru, M. G. (2009). Engaging Literary Text to Language Exposures for Foreign English Learners. In International Conference on TEFL/COTEFL in Muhammadiyah University.

McCloskey, D. N. (2016). Bourgeois equality: How ideas, not capital or institutions, enriched the world. University of Chicago Press.

McCloskey, D. N. (2016). Bourgeois equality: How ideas, not capital or institutions, enriched the world. University of Chicago Press.

McKeon, M. (Ed.). (2000). Theory of the novel: A Historical approach. JHU Press.

Mundung, M., Mogea, T., & Oroh, E. Z. (2020). Kindhearted Vs Cruelty in Dickens's Tale of Two Cities (A Study on Lucie Manette And Madam Defarge Characters). Journal of English Culture, Language, Literature and Education, 1(1).

Pabur, H. E. (2017). Postcolonial Analysis on Multatuli’s Max Havelaar. Journal of English Language and Literature Teaching, 2(02).

Potabuga, M., Mogea, T., & Sabudu, D. (2021). Romance Jeane Marie In Beauty and The Beast. SoCul: International Journal of Research in Social Cultural Issues, 1(01), 11-20.

Rahmandhika, U. S. D., Setyabudi, T., & Hum, S. S. M. (2020). The Ambition of The Characters On Agatha Christie’s Novel Why They Didn’t Ask Evans? (1989): A Sociological Approach (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta).

Rorintulus, O. A. (2018). Gender Equality and Women's Power in American Indian Traditional Culture in Zitkala-sa's Short Stories. Humanus: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-ilmu Humaniora, 17(2), 138-149.

Sabudu, D. (2020). The Reflection of Loyalty in Ernest Hemingway’s The Old Man and The Sea. Jurnal Penelitian Humaniora, 21(1), 24-32.

Shusterman, N. (2020). The Strange History of the Right to Bear Arms in the French Revolution. Journal of Social History, 54(2), 453-479.

Spitzer, L. (2015). Linguistics and literary history: Essays in stylistics (Vol. 2270). Princeton University Press.

Stamatopoulos, D. (2020). War and Revolution: A Balkan Perspective–An Introduction. European Revolutions and the Ottoman Balkans. Nationalism, Violence and Empire in the Long Nineteenth-Century, 1-18.

Wellek, R., & Warren, A. (1996). Theory of literature. Harcourt, Brace & World.

Downloads

Published

2023-07-14

How to Cite

Dai, K., Samola, N. F. ., & Rorintulus, O. . (2023). THE RESISTANCE AGAINST ARISTOCRACY IN FRANCE REVOLUTION AS SEEN IN CHARLES DICKENS’ A TALE OF TWO CITIES. SoCul: International Journal of Research in Social Cultural Issues, 2(4), 634-644. Retrieved from https://ejurnal.unima.ac.id/index.php/socul/article/view/7204