Distribusi Hutan Mangrove Pantai Bahowo Kelurahan Tongkaina Kecamatan Bunaken Kota Manado

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Informasi secara saintifik tentang mangrove sangat dibutuhkan tidak hanya untuk membuktikan tapi bermanfaat untuk kepentingan memberi informasi pada khalayak tentang jenis mangrove yang ada di Bahowo. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari penyebaran vegetasi mangrove yang ada di pantai Bahowo dengan menghitung keanekaragaman dan mengidentifikasi hutan mangrove di lokasi penelitian. Pengumpulan data penelitian terkait dengan kondisi biofisik ekosistem vegetasi mangrove yaitu struktur dan luasan mangrove yang ada di daerah penelitian dan dianalisis. Data vegetasi mangrove dicuplik menggunakan transek kuadran dengan kuadran yang berukuran 10 m x 10 m dengan ulangan 3 kali. Hasil identifikasi jenis mangrove di pantai Desa Bahowo terdapat 4 jenis mangrove sejati di antaranya: Sonneratia alba, Sonneratia caseolaris, Rhizophora apiculata, dan Avicennia officinalis. Kondisi biofisik lingkungan mangrove Pantai Bahowo memiliki suhu rata-rata 32°C, rata-rata tingkat salinitas 34‰, dan pH tanah 4,7. Hasil analisis data mangrove Bahowo didapati nilai Indeks Keanekaragaman jenis mangrove Bahowo 1.03 yang berarti nilai indeksnya tergolong dalam kelompok dengan tingkat keanekaragaman yang sedang. Jenis Rhizophora apiculata memiliki nilai indeks keanekaragaman tertinggi dan untuk jenis mangrove yang paling mendominasi adalah jenis Sonneratia alba dengan nilai dominasi relatif sebesar 72.24%.

ABSTRACT

Scientific information about mangroves is needed not only to prove but useful for the benefit of providing information to the public about the types of mangroves in Bahowo The aim of this study is to investigate the distribution of mangrove vegetation on the Bahowo coast by calculating the diversity and identifying mangrove forests at the research site. Mangrove vegetation data was collected using a quadrant transect with a 10m x 10m quadrant with 3 replications. The research data collection is related to the biophysical state of the ecosystem of the mangrove vegetation, namely the structure and extent of the mangroves in the study area, and analyzed. As a result of the identification of mangrove species on the coast of Bahowo Village, there are 4 real mangrove species including: Sonneratia alba, Sonneratia caseolaris, Rhizophora apiculata, and Avicennia officinalis. The biophysical state of the mangrove environment of Bahowo Beach has an average temperature of 32 ° C, an average salinity of 34 ° C, and a soil pH of 4.7. Based on the results of the Bahowo Mangrove data analysis, it was found that the Bahowo Mangrove Diversity Index value is 1.03, which means that the index value belongs to the group with a moderate level of diversity. Rhizophora apiculata has the highest diversity index value and the dominant mangrove species is Sonneratia alba with a relative dominance value of 72.24%.