Penerapan Problem-Based Learning untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Proteksi Motor Listrik
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Abstract
Abstrak— Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas model pembelajaran berbasis masalah (Problem-Based Learning/PBL) dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada materi Sistem Proteksi Instalasi Motor Listrik di kelas XI TITL SMK Negeri 3 Tondano. Latar belakang penelitian didasari oleh rendahnya hasil belajar dan keterampilan praktik siswa akibat dominasi metode konvensional yang kurang melibatkan siswa dalam pemecahan masalah nyata. Metode yang digunakan adalah kuasi-eksperimen dengan desain non-equivalent control group design, melibatkan dua kelas berjumlah 48 siswa. Kelas eksperimen diajar menggunakan model PBL, sedangkan kelas kontrol dengan metode konvensional. Data dikumpulkan melalui tes hasil belajar, lembar observasi keterampilan, dan angket motivasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji-t dan perhitungan N-Gain. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata nilai posttest kelas eksperimen (85,21) lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelas kontrol (73,75) dengan perbedaan signifikan (p < 0,05). Nilai N-Gain sebesar 0,67 menunjukkan peningkatan hasil belajar kategori sedang–tinggi. Aspek psikomotor siswa kelas eksperimen juga lebih baik (rata-rata 88,9) dibandingkan kontrol (78,6), dan motivasi belajar meningkat dengan rata-rata 87,3. Temuan penelitian mengonfirmasi bahwa penerapan PBL tidak hanya meningkatkan pemahaman konseptual tetapi juga memperkuat keterampilan praktik dan motivasi belajar siswa. Implikasinya, PBL dapat dijadikan strategi pembelajaran efektif di SMK untuk mengintegrasikan teori dan praktik serta mempersiapkan siswa menghadapi tantangan dunia kerja teknis secara lebih mandiri dan kompeten.
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